The town became part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth after the Peace of Jam Zapolski in 1582 during the Livonian War. Throughout its early history, Rēzekne was attacked many times by Russian and Lithuanian forces. The name Rēzekne was first documented in 1285. In 1285, the knights built a stone fortress on the site, which is today known as Rēzekne castle ruins, to serve as a border post on their eastern frontier. Under the Russian Empire the city was named Rezhitsa ( Russian: Рѣжица, Polish: Rzeżyca, Yiddish: רעזשיצע), but since Soviet period known as Резекне ( Russian pronunciation: ).Ī Latgalian hill fort is known to have existed at Rēzekne from the 9th to the 13th centuries, until its destruction at the hands of German crusaders of the Livonian Order. Historically in German sources the location has been known as Rositten. The Latgalian name of the city is Rēzne ( Latgalian: ) or Rēzekne ( pronounced ). It has a population of 31,216 (2016) making it the 7th largest city in Latvia. Built on seven hills, Rēzekne is situated 242 kilometres (150 miles) east of Riga, and 63 kilometres (39 miles) west of the Latvian-Russian border, at the intersection of the Moscow – Ventspils railway and Warsaw – Saint Petersburg Railways. It is called The Heart of Latgale (Latvian Latgales sirds, Latgalian Latgolys sirds). Rēzekne ( Latvian: ( listen), Latgalian: Rēzne pronounced or Rēzekne pronounced, German: Rositten, Polish: Rzeżyca) is a state city in the Rēzekne River valley in Latgale region of eastern Latvia.
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